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Author Guidelines

1) General Publication and Evaluation Principles

The journal publishes original, previously unpublished scientific studies prepared in Turkish and English in the field of commerce and finance. Submitted studies first undergo a preliminary review by the Editorial Board. Those found suitable are evaluated by at least two reviewers, experts in the field, using the double-blind peer-review method. For this reason, author information must not appear in the main text and must be submitted on a separate title page. In case of conflicting reviewer reports, the study is sent to a third reviewer. The final publication decision rests with the Editorial Board.

Revisions requested for a study must be completed within the specified period; studies not resubmitted in time are removed from evaluation.

Studies must have a similarity rate of no more than 20% in the similarity check performed excluding the references and must fall within the range of 6,000-10,000 words, including the references.

The scientific and legal responsibility for published studies rests with the author(s). Manuscripts not submitted in accordance with the author guidelines will not be taken into evaluation. The literature review may be presented as a table or as paragraph text, depending on the nature of the research.

2) Submission Files and Title Page Rules

Studies must be submitted to the journal as two separate files:

Main Text File: As required by the double-blind peer-review process, this file must not contain any information that would reveal the identity of the author(s) (name, title, institution, e-mail, acknowledgments, etc.). The file must begin with the manuscript title and include all main text sections.

Title Page File: This is a separate file from the main text that contains author information. The title page must include the following:

The Turkish and English titles of the manuscript.

The full name, title, and affiliation of all authors (university, faculty/department, city, country).

The e-mail addresses of all authors.

The ORCID numbers of all authors (mandatory).

The name, full postal address, telephone number, and e-mail address of the corresponding author.

The order of the authors' contributions must be clearly indicated on the title page. The corresponding author must also be the person/account that uploads the manuscript to the journal system.

3) Manuscript Structure, Formal Rules, and Technical Standards

3.1. Page Layout and Formatting

Studies must be prepared with margins of 2.5 cm on all edges. The text must be written in Times New Roman, 11-point, with 1.5 line spacing, and in justified alignment.

3.2. Title and Abstract

Title: In Turkish manuscripts, the main title appears in Turkish at the very top of the page, and the English title is given immediately above the English abstract. In English manuscripts, this order is reversed. Both titles are centered and set in bold capital letters. Each title must be no more than 15 words. This rule applies to the main title of the manuscript; for the format of section headings, see 3.3.

Abstract: Each study must include an abstract of 150-250 words, as a single paragraph, summarizing its purpose, method, findings, and conclusion. Each abstract is given in its own language, together with the corresponding keywords: a Turkish abstract + 3-5 Turkish keywords, and an English abstract + 3-5 English keywords. In Turkish manuscripts, the Turkish abstract comes first, followed by the English abstract; in English manuscripts, the reverse order is followed. The number of Turkish and English keywords must be equal, and they must appear in the same order. The abstract must be written in Times New Roman, 10-point, and italic.

3.3. Sectioning and Headings

Main headings must be numbered beginning with "1. Introduction".

Subheadings must be numbered according to their levels, in the form "2.1.", "2.1.1.".

In all headings, the first letter of each word must be capitalized and the remaining letters lowercase.

Abbreviations must not be used in headings.

Different heading levels must be formally distinguishable from one another (for example, through the use of bold/italic or uppercase-lowercase letters).

A blank line must be left before main headings.

3.4. Section Contents

The journal is open to a wide range of subjects in commerce and finance and to different methodological approaches; for this reason, the section layout may vary according to the subject and method of the study. The following structure is a suggestion, and the author(s) may organize their studies so as to provide equivalent content:

Introduction: The subject of the study, the research question/problem, the aim, and the contribution to the field are set out; general information about the data and methods used is provided.
Conceptual/Theoretical Framework and Literature: The theoretical discussions supporting the study and the relevant empirical literature are presented.
Data and Method: The data set used and its source, the variables, the sample/period, and the model or econometric/analytical method applied are explained.
Findings: The results of the analysis are presented, supported by the necessary tables and figures.

Conclusion, Discussion, and Recommendations: The findings are interpreted in light of previous studies, the implications are discussed, and policy/practice recommendations as well as suggestions for future research may be offered.

Depending on the discipline and method, the sections and subheadings may differ.

3.5. Figures and Tables

All visuals other than tables (graphs, figures, pictures, photographs, drawings, diagrams, maps) are considered "Figures".

Tables, graphs, and figures must be used only when necessary; data that can be given within the text must not also be presented as a separate table.

All figures and tables must be placed at the relevant points within the text, numbered in order, and centered on the page where they appear.

The table title must be placed above the table and the figure title below the figure; the number part must be in bold and the title text in normal type.

Text within tables must be in 10-point with single line spacing; tables and figures must not be split across pages.

Figures/tables must be referred to by their number within the text.

3.6. Equations

Equations must be given a sequence number. Equations must not be in image format (the Word equation tool must be used).

3.7. Appendices

Content that needs to be presented without interrupting the main text, such as questionnaire forms, detailed data tables, variable definitions, or additional analysis results, may be given in the appendices section. Appendices must appear after the references.

If there is more than one appendix, each must be numbered in order in the form "Appendix A", "Appendix B" and given with a descriptive title. Each relevant appendix must be referred to in the main text.

3.8. Abbreviations

At the first use of an abbreviation, the full form must be written and the abbreviation given in parentheses.

3.9. Writing of Numbers (International Standard)

Decimal separator: period (.) (for example, 10.25).

Thousands separator: comma (,) (for example, 1,000; 1,250,000).

4) Citation and References (APA 7)

4.1. General Principles

In the journal, in-text citations and references must be prepared according to the APA 7th edition (American Psychological Association) style. For detailed information: https://apastyle.apa.org

Only works cited within the text must appear in the references, and every work in the references must be cited within the text. The author(s) are responsible for the accuracy of the sources.

Priority in citations must be given to primary sources. A source whose original cannot be reached may be cited through another work that cites it (for example, Freud, 1900, as cited in Yılmaz, 2021). In this case, only the source actually consulted is added to the references.

4.2. In-Text Citation Forms (AΡΑ 7)

Parenthetical citation:

Single author: (Gürbüz, 2005).

Two authors: (Bildik & Gülay, 2007).

Three or more authors: (Ersoy et al., 2020).

Narrative citation:

Gürbüz (2005) argued that

Bildik and Gülay (2007) found that

Ersoy et al. (2020) stated that

Page number (for direct quotations; recommended for paraphrases of a specific passage):

Single page: (Gürbüz, 2005, p. 12).

Page range: (Bildik & Gülay, 2007, pp. 70-72).

Multiple sources within the same parentheses: Written in alphabetical order and separated by semicolons: (Bildik & Gülay, 2007; Ersoy et al., 2020; Gürbüz, 2005).

Multiple works by the same author in the same year: (Sönmezer, 2014a, 2014b).

Distinguishing authors with the same surname: (F. Baloğlu, 2011; B. Baloğlu, 2010).

Group (institutional) author: the first citation spells out the name; subsequent citations use the abbreviation:

First use: (International Monetary Fund [IMF], 2020).

Subsequent uses: (IMF, 2020).

4.3. Legislation / Law Citations

In citations to laws, communiqués, regulations, etc., the law number and article must be clearly indicated. Example:

Parenthetical: (Capital Markets Law No. 6362, 2012, Art. 4).

Whichever abbreviation is chosen for the article reference, it must be applied consistently throughout the text; do not alternate between forms.

Consistency:

Correct: (Art. 4) ... (Art. 12)... (the same form used throughout).

Incorrect: ... (Art. 4)... (Article 12)... (mixed forms).

4.4. Reference List Arrangement (APA 7)

No heading number must be given to the references section.

References must be arranged alphabetically by the author's surname.

Printed and online sources must be listed together, without being separated into different sections.

For internet sources, the type of source must be correctly identified (report, web page, or data set?).

If a DOI exists, the https://doi.org/ format must be used in accordance with AΡΑ 7.

If there is no DOI, a URL may be given. (An access date is generally required only for sources whose content changes over time).

4.5. Reference Examples (in APA 7 Format)

Article (with DOI):

Kılıç, E., & Çankaya, S. (2020). Oil prices and economic activity in BRICS and G7 countries. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 28(4), 1315-1342. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-019-00647-8

Article (without DOI):

Ersoy, H., Gürbüz, A. O., & Fındıkçı, M. (2020). Covid-19'un Türk bankacılık ve finans sektörü üzerine etkileri, alınabilecek önlemler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(37), 146-173.

Book (with DOI):

Ferran, A. (2021). Applied corporate finance: Making value-enhancing decisions in the real world (2nd ed.). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81631-5

Book (without DOI):

Gürbüz, A. O., Ataünal, L., Aybars, A., & Ersoy, H. (2024). İşletmelerin yeniden yapılandırılması. İstanbul Ticaret Odası.

Chapter in a book:

Çankaya, S. (2014). Pros and cons of financial innovation. In H. Dinçer & Ü. Hacıoğlu (Eds.), Globalization of financial institutions (pp. [page range]). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01125-7 12

Report:

Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency. (2023). Türk bankacılık sektörü temel göstergeleri: Aralık 2023. BDDK. https://www.bddk.org.tr

Data set:

Borsa İstanbul. (2023). Pay piyasası endeks verileri [Data set]. Borsa İstanbul DataStore. https://datastore.borsaistanbul.com

Manuscript Standards

Language

The language of the journal is English.

Manuscript Organization and Submission

All correspondence will be sent to the first-named author unless otherwise specified. Manuscpript is to be submitted online via http://ijcf.ticaret.edu.tr/index.php/ijcf/about/submissions. Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word 2003 and upper versions.

1. The manuscripts should be in A4 paper standards: having 2.5 cm margins from right, left, bottom and top, Times New Roman font style in 12 font size and line spacing of 1.5.

2 The manuscripts should contain between 4500 and 8500 words and the page numbers must be at the bottom and in the middle.

3. The name(s) of author(s) should be given just beneath the title of the study aligned to the left. Also the affiliation, title, e-mail and phone of the author(s) must be indicated on the bottom of the page as a footnote marked with an asterisk (*).

4. Submitted manuscripts must have before the introduction section, the abstract between 180 and 200 words, summarizing the scope, the purpose, the results of the study and the methodology used. Underneath the abstracts, 3 to 5 keywords that inform the reader about the content of the study should be specified in English.

5. The manuscripts should contain mainly these components: title, abstract and keywords; extended abstract, body text with sections, footnotes and references.

6. The 6th version of the APA (American Psychological Association) reference style should be used for in-text citation and references list.

7. Tables, graphs and figures can be given with a number and a defining title if and only if it is necessary to follow the idea of the article. the article. The title of table should be placed above the table; caption of figure should be placed beneath the figure. Features like demographic characteristics that can be given within the text should not be indicated as tables separately.

8. Authors are responsible for all statements made in their work submitted to the Journal for publication.

9. The author(s) can be asked to make some changes in their articles due to peer reviews.

10. A copy of the journal will be sent to each author of the accepted articles upon their request.

11. The manuscripts that were submitted to the journal will not be returned whether they are published or not.

12. All authors should upload the similarity report taken from Turnitin or Ithenticate programs to the system together with the study. Studies without a similarity report will be rejected.

13. All authors can use the manuscript template. Please click to reach

Author Bibliography

In a separate Microsoft Word document, author(s) should provide name(s) and surname(s), name(s) of the current institution(s), department name(s) and e mail address(es).

Originality Standards

Articles submitted to the International Journal of Commerce and Finance require complying with originality standards of the Journal. Originality standards are set to protect original works from Verbatim Copying, Improper Paraphrasing and Self-Plagiarism. Please read carefully the following explanations to get detailed information on the types of copyright breaching risks.

Verbatim Copying

Verbatim Copying means taking a third party’s work word by word and implement it to the article without acknowledgment, quotation marks and/or references.

International Journal of Commerce and Finance do not tolerate any Verbatim Copying of significant passage or section of text of another person's work.

Improper Paraphrasing

Paraphrasing becomes improper when the text of another person’s work has been modified and included into the manuscript by changing the structure of some paragraphs / sentences of the original work without acknowledgment, quotation marks and/or references.

Improper paraphrasing, which constitutes more than 10 % of the manuscript, is regarded as Verbatim Copying by the International Journal of Commerce and Finance.

Self-Plagiarism

In academic terms Plagiarism is basically defined to use another’s work without crediting the source. Verbatim Copying and Improper Paraphrasing are two types of plagiarism.

In addition to Verbatim Copying and Improper Paraphrasing, International Journal of Commerce and Finance also do not tolerate Self-Plagiarism which is related with the usage of previously published work in the submission.

Thus, Verbatim copying of an author’s own work and paraphrasing is not acceptable by the International Journal of Commerce and Finance.

If some parts of the work submitted are previously published in any publication, it is required to acknowledge the earlier work.

Submission Process

Articles can be submitted to the International Journal of Commerce and Finance via the Submission Platform in the Journal Web Site. Submission Process is composed of two stages:

Registration to Journal.
Submission Transaction.

Registration to Journal In order to complete your registration to the International Journal of Commerce and Finance successfully, please take the following steps.

Open registration form by clicking on the REGISTER section in the menu.
Carefully fill in the Registration form (with co-authored articles, only the lead writer should register here as other writers will be registered in the mailing phase).
When you receive confirmation e-mail including your username and password, follow the instructions in the message.
Access the system with your username and password in order to submit your article.
Click the link under Start a New Submission on Active Submissions page.

Submission Transaction In order to submit your manuscript to the International Journal of Commerce and Finance successfully, please complete take following five steps.

Step 1 - Start

In this stage, Application Check List and Copyright Notice are checked. Please note that you need to download Copyright Transfer Form, fill it out and sign. It will be uploaded at Step 4. Optionally you can input comments for the Editor.

Please click the button “Save and Continue” to proceed to the next section.

Step 2 - Uploading Submission

In this stage the article is uploaded to the system by following the instructions on the page. The article format should be Microsoft Word and should not be larger than 3 MB.

Once the submission is uploaded, “Save and Continue” to proceed to the next section.

Step 3 - Entering the Submission's Metadata

In this stage the information related to the submission is entered into the system. There are some important points to be taken into consideration when providing the submission information. These points are the following:

- If it is a co-authored article, click Add Author button for each author and fill in the required fields.

- Enter Title and Abstract of Article.

- Fill in the Indexing Information.

Please note that all information provided should be in compliance with the Manuscript Standards of the International Journal of Commerce and Finance.

Please click the button “Save and Continue” to proceed to the next section.

Step 4 - Uploading Supplementary Files

In this stage additional documents are uploaded to the system.

First, you need to upload the Copyright Transfer Form into the system. The system will request from you to enter the “Supplementary File Metadata” information in order to complete the Copyright Transfer Forms submission process.

After completing the inputting of “Supplementary File Metadata”, click “Save and Continue” to return to the main screen of Step 4.

If there are additional documents to be submitted at this stage, the same above mentioned procedure should be applied for each supplementary document.

Step 5 - Confirming the Submission

In this stage you can see the list of files submitted to the Journal.

You can click “Finish Submission” to complete you submission transaction.

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

Originality Standards: This article has not been published elsewhere, nor has it been sent to a publisher for publication.
Language: Manuscript is prepared in English language.
File Format: The manuscript has been written in Microsoft Word format and does not exceed 3 MB size.
Article Length: Article length is between 4.500 (min) and 8.500 (max) words including references, tables and appendices. Number of pages in the article is not more than 20.
Article Title: The length of the Article Title is not more than 15 words.
Abstract: The length of the abstract is not more than 180-200 words.
Keywords: Maximum 5 keywords have been identified.
Font Type, Size and Spacing: Times New Roman font with the size of 12 and 1.5 line spacing.
Page Margins: Margin standards are applied as 2,5 cm on the top, 2,5 cm at the bottom, 2,5 cm from the right and left.
Headings: First level headings and lower headings are bold. The sizes for first level headings and lower rank headings are 12 respectively.
Tables and Figures: Tables and Figures contain Titles and Numbers.
Figures are in tif, .jpeg, or .bmp formats with at least 300dpi resolution and minimum 10cm wide.
References: References are prepared in APA style.

Copyright Notice

All manuscripts which are submitted to the International Journal of Commerce and Finance should not be published, accepted and submitted for publication elsewhere. If the manuscript is accepted for publication in this Journal, authors should grant the unlimited and all copyright privileges to International Journal of Commerce and Finance by signing the Copyright Transfer Form. In order to see or download the Copyright Transfer Form, please click here.

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